Part 2: Some Other Acts of Terror.
Sinking of the S.S. Patria in Haifa Harbor (November 25, 1940)
What happened: The Patria was filled with Jewish refugees whom the British refused to allow to emigrate to Palestine. The Haganah decided to prevent the Patria from leaving port by sabotage. A mine was prepared at Haifa, concealed in a cloth bag and smuggled aboard the ship, where it was handed over to one of the Haganah liaison officers. On November 25, 1940, at about 9 a.m. the mine was detonated. The intention was to blast a small hole in the vessel's side so that that it would slowly take in water, allowing time to evacuate all those on board. However, the mine blasted a large hole and water flooded into the hold. Some 276 people (200 of them Jews, and most of the remainder British soldiers) went down with the ship.Hanging of the two British soldiers, Martin and Paice (July 29, 1947, by the Irgun)
Kidnappings, Beatings, Murders and Hangings (Britain's Small Wars)
Assassination of Count Folke Bernadotte, Swedish Nobleman and U.N. Mediator (September 17, 1948, in Jerusalem by the Stern Gang)
"The Jews of Iraq" (Naeim Giladi; The Link; volume 31, issue 2 (April-May, 1998))
The Lavon Affair (July 1954)
What happened: An Israeli spy ring in Egypt planted firebombs at several locations, apparently intending to damage U.S.-Egyptian ties: July 2, in the Alexandria post office; July 14, US Information Service libraries in Cairo and Alexandria; July 23, two cinemas, the central post office and the railway station, all in Cairo.
Operation Damocles (West Germany and Egypt, 1962-1963)
What happened: Between September 1962 and March 1963, Israel attempted to disrupt Egyptian research, assisted by West German scientists, into military rockets. Israel killed a number of people during this operation, including five with a letter bomb on November 28, 1962.
Kidnappings, Beatings, Murders and Hangings (Britain's Small Wars)
Assassination of Count Folke Bernadotte, Swedish Nobleman and U.N. Mediator (September 17, 1948, in Jerusalem by the Stern Gang)
- "The Assassination of Count Bernadotte" (excerpt from David Hirst's 1977 book, _The Gun and the Olive Branch_)
- "Jewish Terrorists Assassinate U.N. Peacekeeper Count Folke Bernadotte" (Donald Neff; Washington Report on Middle East Affairs; September 1995, pgs. 83-84)
Terrorizing of Iraqi Jews (1950-1951)
What happened: Three bombs thrown by Israeli agents between April 1950 and January 1951 at locations frequented by Jews in Baghdad succeeded in causing a panic. Iraqi Jews assumed that terrorists were attacking them. Almost all of Iraq's 130,000 Jews left, most emigrating to Israel. While the first two bombs didn't kill anyone, the third killed a Jewish boy."The Jews of Iraq" (Naeim Giladi; The Link; volume 31, issue 2 (April-May, 1998))
The Lavon Affair (July 1954)
What happened: An Israeli spy ring in Egypt planted firebombs at several locations, apparently intending to damage U.S.-Egyptian ties: July 2, in the Alexandria post office; July 14, US Information Service libraries in Cairo and Alexandria; July 23, two cinemas, the central post office and the railway station, all in Cairo.
- "The Lavon Affair" (excerpt from David Hirst, _The Gun and the Olive Branch_, 1977)
- The Lavon Affair (Jewish Virtual Library)
Operation Damocles (West Germany and Egypt, 1962-1963)
What happened: Between September 1962 and March 1963, Israel attempted to disrupt Egyptian research, assisted by West German scientists, into military rockets. Israel killed a number of people during this operation, including five with a letter bomb on November 28, 1962.
Shooting Down of Libya Airlines Flight 114 (February 21, 1973)
What happened: Disoriented in a sudden sandstorm on a regular flight from Tripoli to Cairo, Flight 114 entered airspace over the Sinai peninsula, then occupied by Israel. Within minutes, Israel shot the plane down, killing 106 of the 113 on board, including an American. The place crashed only 20 kilometers from the Egyptian-Sinai line. Prime Minister Golda Meir, Defense Minister Moshe Dayan, and Transportation Minister Shimon Peres found no fault with the Israel's actions.
Bombing of Iraqi Nuclear Reactor (June 7, 1981)
Hebron Massacre (February 25, 1994)
What happened: American-born West Bank settler Dr. Baruch Goldstein opened fire on Muslims praying at the Tomb of the Patriarchs. He killed 29 Palestinians before being beaten to death by the worshippers. Settlers established a shrine to him that was forcibly removed by the Israeli Government only in 1999. His father later wrote that "Perhaps someday our leaders will remove the blinders from their eyes, stop running with the deluded, persecuting pack and find the integrity to print the truth about Baruch's final act of self-sacrifice."
What happened: Disoriented in a sudden sandstorm on a regular flight from Tripoli to Cairo, Flight 114 entered airspace over the Sinai peninsula, then occupied by Israel. Within minutes, Israel shot the plane down, killing 106 of the 113 on board, including an American. The place crashed only 20 kilometers from the Egyptian-Sinai line. Prime Minister Golda Meir, Defense Minister Moshe Dayan, and Transportation Minister Shimon Peres found no fault with the Israel's actions.
Bombing of Iraqi Nuclear Reactor (June 7, 1981)
- "The Bush Doctrine Makes Nonsense of the UN Charter" (Jonathan Steele; The Guardian; June 7, 2002)
- "Israel Bombs Iraq's Osirak Nuclear Research Facility" (Donald Neff; Washington Report on Middle East Affairs; June 1995; pages 81-82)
- Osiraq/Tammuz I (Federation of American Scientists)
- "The Israeli Strike Against OSIRAQ: The Dynamics of Fear and Proliferation in the Middle East" (Lucien S. Vandenbroucke; Air University Review; Sept.-Oct. 1984)
Hebron Massacre (February 25, 1994)
What happened: American-born West Bank settler Dr. Baruch Goldstein opened fire on Muslims praying at the Tomb of the Patriarchs. He killed 29 Palestinians before being beaten to death by the worshippers. Settlers established a shrine to him that was forcibly removed by the Israeli Government only in 1999. His father later wrote that "Perhaps someday our leaders will remove the blinders from their eyes, stop running with the deluded, persecuting pack and find the integrity to print the truth about Baruch's final act of self-sacrifice."
- Hebron Massacre (hebron.com)
- "Graveside Party Celebrates Hebron Massacre" (BBC; March 21, 2000)
- "Israeli Forces Dismantle Shrine to Hebron Killer" (Jewish Bulletin; January 7, 2000)
- "The Background and Consequences of the Massacre in Hebron" (Israel Shahak; Middle East Policy; volume III, number 2 (1994))
- "The Hebron Massacre: Another 'Defining Moment' in the Middle East" (Leon T. Hadar; WRMEA; April/May 1994)"
- "Jewish Settler Terror Groups Have a Long History in Hebron" (Steve Sosebee; WRMEA; June 1994)
- Open Directory: Hebron Massacre
Part 3: General Sources on Zionist/Israeli
Massacres and Other Terrorism.
"According to [Israeli historian Aryeh] Yitzhaki, about ten major massacres were committed in the course of the War of Independence (i.e. more than fifty victims in each massacre) and about a hundred smaller massacres (of individuals or small groups). ... The historian Uri Milstein, a myth-shatterer, corroborates Yitzhaki's assessment regarding the massacres' extent and goes even further. 'If Yitzhaki claims that almost in every village there were murders, then I maintain that even before the establishment of the State, each battle ended with a massacre.'"
"There are streets named after the assassins of Moyne and Bernadotte. They are historical figures not disavowed by the rhetoric of the state of Israel, nor is there any reflection on the fact that two terrorist leaders later became distinguished leaders of the republic."
- "Kidnappings, Beatings, Murders and Hangings" (Britain's Small Wars, 1945-2001)
- Israeli Black History
- Zionist "Israeli" Terrorism 1939-1947
- Israeli Massacres
- Massacres Against Palestinians
- Zionist Massacres
- Zionist Terrorism
- Avner (pseud.), Memoirs of an Assassin: Confessions of a Stern Gang Killer, New York: Thomas Yoseloff, 1959, 200 pp. ("the confessions of one of Lehi's most trusted executioners"; the authenticity of these accounts has been questioned)
- Menachem Begin, The Revolt: The Story of the Irgun, New York: Henry Schuman, Inc., 1951, 386 pp. (by the leader of the Irgun and later Israel's prime minister)
- J. Bowyer Bell, Terror Out of Zion: The Violent and Deadly Shock Troops of Israeli Independence, 1929-1949, New York: St. Martin's Press, 1977, 374 pp. (by author who appreciates the Irgun's and the Stern Gang's "accomplishments" but was not himself involved in those events)
- Yitshaq Ben-Ami, Years of Wrath, Days of Glory: Memoirs from the Irgun, New York: Sheingold Publishers, 2nd ed., 1983, 620 pp. (by an Irgun member who seems to have been in the U.S. after 1939)
- Geula Cohen, Woman of Violence: Memoirs of a Young Terrorist, 1943-1948, New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1966, 275 pp. (by a Stern Gang member who seems to have spent most of the years under review in prison)
- Joseph Heller, The Stern Gang: Ideology, Politics and Terror, 1940-1949, London: Frank Cass, 1995 (study by a professor at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem)
- Doris Katz, The Lady was a Terrorist During Israel's War of Liberation, New York: Shiloni Publishers, 1953, 192 pp. (Katz and her husband Samuel [see the next title] were both members of the Irgun)
- Samuel Katz, Days of Fire: The Secret History of the Irgun Zvai Leumi and the Making of Israel, Garden City, NY: Doubleday & Co., 1968, 317 pp. (see also the preceding title)
- Yaacov Meridor, Long Is the Road to Freedom, New York: United Zionists Revisionists, 1961, 298 pp. (story of the over 250 Irgun fighters who were imprisoned by the British in Africa during 1945-1948; the author was the Irgun's second-in-command)
- Shepard Rifkin, What Ship? Where Bound?, New York: Alfred Knopf, 1961, 254 pp. (novel about the seamen on the first Irgun ship to run the British blockade of Palestine; not directly concerned with terrorism)
- Eli Tavin and Yonah Alexander (eds.), Psychological Warfare and Propaganda: Irgun Documentation, Wilmington, DE: Scholarly Resources Inc., 1982, 265 pp. (translations into English of Irgun documents, with commentary by the editors)
- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_massacres_committed_prior_to_the_1948_Arab%E2%80%93Israeli_war_in_Mandate_Palestine
- http://www.soundofegypt.com/Palestinian/adult/massacres.htm
- http://www.democracyforums.com/showthread.php?t=24151
- http://tyros.leb.net/massacres/
- http://www.rense.com/general21/pastzionist.htm
- http://www.allaboutpalestine.com/massacre.html
- http://www.godlikeproductions.com/forum1/message799214/pg1
- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Irgun_attacks
- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deir_Yassin_massacre
- http://www.jewwatch.com/jew-genocide-palestinian.html
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